爱情保卫战

What are the rules of war? And how do they apply to Israel's actions in Gaza?_我的网站

一 |     Six days after a brutal attack by armed Hamas militants on Israeli civilians, Israel ordered an evacuation of more than 1 million Palestinians in northern Gaza ahead of what could be an unprecedented ground offensive there against Hamas."We are going to destroy Hamas infrastructures, Hamas headquarters, Hamas military," vowed Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant as airstrikes were underway.The U.S. and other nations have repeatedly warned Israel to follow the "rules of war."But what are they? And will they prevent civilians from being hurt?Here's what to know about international humanitarian laws and how they might apply in the Israeli-Hamas conflict in Gaza.

Is Israel bound by the rules of war?

Yes.Israel has promised to abide by international humanitarian law including those under the Geneva Convention that seeks to minimize the impact on civilians, provide aid to the wounded on the battlefield, and not to mistreat prisoners of war.In general, the U.S. military and Israeli Defense Force also rely on similar rules of engagement in military operations.Israel insists it follows the rules of war and always has.But there is disagreement by international groups about exactly what qualifies as a violation in a country's quest to defend itself against terror attacks, as well as whether Israel could be prosecuted through the International Criminal Court -- an entity Israel doesn't recognize.Officials at the United Nations and European Union have accused Israel of already violating its promise not to harm civilians by cutting water and electricity to all of Gaza residents, including to hospitals. They also say it's impossible to ensure the safety of so many civilians by giving only 24 hours to evacuate to avoid the fighting.Palestinian health authorities estimate 1,799 civilians have been killed in Israeli airstrikes, including 583 children, following Hamas' attacks that have killed at least 1,300 Israelis.Ravina Shamdasani, spokesperson for the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Human rights, said Hamas' brutality doesn't "liberate" Israel from adhering to international humanitarian laws."It is absolutely crucial that Israeli leaders and global leaders make it unambiguously clear that international humanitarian law is an obligation. It is not optional, and that military operations must be conducted in full compliance with international law," she said.President Joe Biden said he delivered that message directly to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu this week, later telling reporters "that it is really important that Israel, with all the anger and frustration … they operate by the rules of war.""And there are rules of war," Biden added.

How would the rules apply in this conflict? Would civilians be spared?

Avoiding harm to civilians though can fall into a gray area, particularly when it comes to a massive ground operation unfolding on a remarkably narrow strip of land. Gaza is among the most populated areas on Earth, roughly 7.5 miles at its widest and 25 miles long with some 2 million inhabitants.Eric Oehlerich, a retired Navy SEAL and ABC News contributor, said that even with sophisticated weaponry, such an operation would be extraordinarily difficult to carry out with no civilians harmed."There isn't a force in the world that can deal with 40,000 (enemy) soldiers interspersed with civilians in that densely populated area" and have "zero" civilian deaths, said Oehlerich."It's impossible," he added.One question will be what constitutes a valid military target, said Mick Mulroy, a former deputy assistant secretary of defense for the Middle East and retired CIA paramilitary operations officer.Israel says that Hamas -- which doesn't abide by humanitarian laws in its deliberate attack on civilians last week -- uses Palestinian civilians and hospitals as shields."If Hamas holds up in a building -- whether it's a hospital or mosque -- it becomes a valid military target," said Mulroy, also an ABC contributor. "That said, every reasonable step should be taken to eliminate or reduce civilian casualties (and) has to be done."

What does all this mean for hostages held by Hamas and US citizens inside Gaza?

Oehlerich, who has participated in military operations to free hostages, said getting those hostages out using military force will also be extraordinarily tough. That's because Hamas will likely have gone to great lengths to hide the hostages, including possibly rigging secret tunnels or even the hostages themselves with explosives.Oehlerich said success is more likely to come through backchannel negotiations with countries like Egypt and Qatar.Israeli officials say its special operations forces have been operating inside Gaza in past days trying to locate hostages. The US is also working the Red Cross and the UN to establish "safe zones" for foreign nationals to leave, including Americans located within Palestine, according to a senior State Department official.Beyond that, questions remain on how many innocent people will be hurt or killed inside Gaza. When asked by a reporter Friday what worries him most about the Israeli ground invasion, Biden had a one-word answer."Death," he said.ABC News' Shannon Crawford, William Gretsky and Mary Bruce contributed to this report.。    In a verdict that brings to a close one of the most closely followed criminal trials in Kerala’s recent history, the Principal District and Sessions Court in Ernakulam on Monday acquitted Malayalam actor Dileep in the 2017 case concerning the abduction and sexual assault of a prominent woman actor. The court, presided over by Judge Honey M Varghese, found that the prosecution had failed to substantiate the allegations against Dileep, who was listed as the eighth accused, and against Charlie Thomas, the seventh accused.However, the court convicted six others, including the prime accused Sunil N S, better known as Pulsar Suni, finding them guilty of multiple serious charges including conspiracy, kidnapping, and gang rape. Sentences for the convicted individuals will be pronounced on December 12.     In This Article      Court Finds Key Accused Guilty of Multiple ChargesA Case That Shook Kerala’s Film IndustryDileep’s Arrest, Trial, and AcquittalWhat Lies AheadCourt Finds Key Accused Guilty of Multiple Charges     The six men convicted in the case are Sunil N S alias Pulsar Suni, Martin Antony, Manikandan B, Vijeesh V P, Salim H alias Vadival Salim, and Pradeep. They were found guilty under several sections of the Indian Penal Code, including 120B (criminal conspiracy), 340 (wrongful confinement), 354 (use of criminal force to outrage modesty), 366 (kidnapping), 354B (use of force to disrobe a woman), and 376D (gang rape).The court also found them guilty under relevant sections of the Information Technology Act for filming the sexual assault, an act that added a layer of digital evidence to a case already fraught with emotional and social repercussions.The Sessions Court noted that the evidence presented clearly established the involvement of the first six accused in the crime, while the same could not be said for Dileep and Charlie Thomas. The judge stated that the prosecution was unable to prove beyond reasonable doubt that Dileep had played any role in planning or abetting the crime.          A Case That Shook Kerala’s Film Industry     The incident dates back to February 17, 2017, when the survivor, a well-known Malayalam actor, was abducted while travelling to a film shoot in Thrissur. She was allegedly confined inside a moving vehicle and subjected to sexual assault, with the ordeal recorded by the perpetrators on camera.The case sent shockwaves through Kerala and the wider film industry, not only for the nature of the crime but also for the stature of the accused and the victim. The survivor’s courage in pursuing justice inspired widespread conversations about safety, gender dynamics, and accountability in the entertainment world.The first major breakthrough came the day after the incident, when the police arrested Martin Antony, the driver of the vehicle. Within a week, the alleged mastermind Pulsar Suni was also taken into custody. By the end of that month, four more individuals had been arrested, marking a swift initial phase of the investigation.Suni, the first accused, remained in custody for over seven years before being granted bail by the Supreme Court in 2024. Throughout this period, he consistently maintained that he had acted on someone else’s instructions, though his claims remained mired in contradictions and speculation.          Dileep’s Arrest, Trial, and Acquittal     Dileep’s arrest in July 2017 marked a dramatic turning point in the case. The actor was accused of conspiring to orchestrate the crime as an act of revenge following personal disputes involving his then-wife. His arrest divided public opinion in Kerala, leading to polarised debates and protests across the state.The actor’s first two bail pleas were rejected by the Kerala High Court, citing the gravity of the charges and the need for a thorough investigation. He was eventually granted bail in October 2017 after spending 83 days in judicial custody.The trial officially commenced in 2020 and continued for nearly five years. During the proceedings, more than 200 witnesses were examined, and hundreds of documents were submitted as evidence. Despite the extensive nature of the trial, the court ultimately ruled that the prosecution’s case against Dileep lacked sufficient evidence for conviction.For Dileep, who remains one of Malayalam cinema’s biggest stars, the verdict marks the end of a prolonged legal and public ordeal. The actor had consistently maintained his innocence, claiming he had been falsely implicated.     What Lies Ahead     While the judgment has acquitted Dileep, it does not necessarily bring the legal proceedings to a full stop. The survivor retains the right to appeal the verdict before the Kerala High Court, which could reopen judicial scrutiny into the alleged conspiracy.The case remains a defining chapter in Kerala’s cultural and judicial narrative, one that tested the state’s legal system and its society’s response to crimes against women. As the dust settles, the conversation around justice, gender, and accountability in Malayalam cinema is far from over.Also Read: Dileep’s ‘Prince And Family’ Cleared For Release With A U Certificate。

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